Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin. While there is no permanent cure, various treatments can help manage symptoms effectively. The treatment approach depends on the severity of the condition.
1. Topical Treatments (For Mild Psoriasis)
- Corticosteroids: Reduce inflammation and itching (e.g., hydrocortisone, betamethasone).
- Vitamin D Analogues: Slow down skin cell growth (e.g., calcipotriol, calcitriol).
- Salicylic Acid: Helps remove scales and smooth the skin.
- Coal Tar: Reduces scaling, itching, and inflammation.
- Moisturizers & Emollients: Keep skin hydrated and reduce flare-ups.
2. Phototherapy (For Moderate Psoriasis)
- UVB Light Therapy: Exposure to controlled UVB rays slows skin cell growth.
- PUVA Therapy: A combination of psoralen (a drug) and UVA light.
- Excimer Laser Therapy: Targets specific psoriasis patches with concentrated UVB light.
3. Systemic Treatments (For Severe Psoriasis)
- Oral Medications:
- Methotrexate (reduces inflammation and skin cell production)
- Cyclosporine (suppresses the immune system)
- Acitretin (a retinoid that slows skin cell growth)
- Biologic Injections:
- TNF inhibitors (e.g., adalimumab, infliximab)
- IL-17, IL-12, IL-23 inhibitors (e.g., secukinumab, ustekinumab)
- JAK inhibitors (e.g., tofacitinib)
4. Lifestyle & Home Remedies
- Diet & Nutrition: Anti-inflammatory foods (fruits, vegetables, omega-3 fatty acids) may help.
- Stress Management: Meditation, yoga, and exercise can reduce flare-ups.
- Avoid Triggers: Cold weather, smoking, alcohol, and skin injuries can worsen symptoms.
- Bath Therapy: Oatmeal or Dead Sea salt baths soothe irritation.
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