Anemia during pregnancy - danger, the reasons of occurrence, treatment

• Anemia is a pathological condition of the body that is characterized by low hemoglobin and red blood cells. There are several kinds of the disease.Anemia during pregnancy is most often caused by iron deficiency. Its appearance is due to the fact that hemoglobin and iron from the maternal organism primarily flow to the fetus. If a woman eats incorrectly, an iron deficiency occurs in her body, and she develops anemia.
• Causes of Anemia during Pregnancy 

• Furthermore, because the female body's need for iron increases during pregnancy, there are other causes of anemia. The main ones are:
• Hormonal disorders of the expectant mother;
• Exacerbations of chronic diseases in which there is disturbed absorption of iron by the body;
• Poor nutrition, in which the body is not getting enough foods containing iron, folic acid, and vitamin B;
• Frequent pregnancies, between which there are less than two years;
• Abounding or multiple pregnancy;
• A woman's age is less than 17 years of age or over 35 years old;
• Low blood pressure for a long time;
• Miscarriages or bleeding during previous pregnancies
• Factors that provoke the development of the disease:
• Toxemia of pregnancy (frequent vomiting reduces the absorption of iron in the body);
• Gynecological diseases of women;
• Commitment to vegetarianism, the diet before pregnancy;
• Diseases of the hematopoietic system in women
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• Symptoms of Anemia in Pregnancy
• Depending on the level of hemoglobin in the blood, the degrees of anemia are:
• Easy: the content of hemoglobin in the blood is 110–90 g/L;
• Average: the hemoglobin level is 89–80 g/ll;
• Heavy: hemoglobin levels less than 80 g/l
• The mild form practically does not manifest itself; the symptoms that signal any changes in an organism are virtually absent. Anemia can be suspected in this case if the skin is characterized by paleness. Therefore, great importance attaches to regular blood tests; they will help specialists in time to determine the presence or absence of anemia as well as prevent the development of anemia in pregnant women. Since anemia can have very serious consequences for the development of the fetus, the state of the mother, and the course of childbirth, it is necessary to take preventive measures from the first weeks of pregnancy to avoid the development of the disease.
• Symptoms of anemia during pregnancy begin to appear in the moderate-to-severe stages of the disease. Specialists distinguish two manifestations of the syndrome of anemia:
• Common anemia (associated with a deficit of oxygen in the tissues of the body) includes fatigue, weakness, headache, dizziness, fainting, pale skin and mucous tissue, palpitation sensation, and shortness of breath. A woman becomes whiny and irritable and has reduced concentration and memory.
• Sideropenic (resulting from a violation of the tissue supply) is characterized by changes in the skin (peeling, dryness, and cracking), the deterioration of the hair, nails breaking down, and exfoliation. In addition, a pregnant woman suffering from lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, atrophic gastritis, dysphagia (difficulty or pain when swallowing), and changes of smell and taste

• The consequences of anemia in pregnancy
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• As is well known, hemoglobin is the main supplier of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. With its deficit, the kid develops oxygen deprivation and a lack of nutrients necessary for growth and development.
• Thus, it is possible to have the following effects of anemia in pregnancy:
• Hypoxia (oxygen deprivation) fruit;
• Miscarriage or premature birth;
• The sharp decrease in blood pressure;
• early placental abruption (partial or complete separation of the placenta from the uterine lining), which can lead to complications of pregnancy and fetal death;
• Early rupture of membranes;
• Intrauterine pathology of the fetus;
• Easing the birth process
• Bleeding during childbirth;
• Susceptibility to infectious diseases after childbirth in women and children
• Treatment of Anemia in Pregnancy
• Treatment of this disease is usually complex and takes a long time. It includes iron supplementation, vitamins, and a special diet.
• Each pregnant woman receives individually selected iron supplements. The physician determines the dosing means and the duration of treatment, depending on the degree of allergy, the general condition of the woman, and the presence of concomitant diseases. Iron medication is recommended to be washed down with the juice from citrus fruit since it contains a lot of vitamin C, which contributes to a better absorption of iron.
• Of great importance in the fight against anemia is a special diet. You can use it to get rid of this disease with mild severity. In other cases, such a diet is an essential part of effective treatment. A feature of the diet of an anemic future mother is the presence in her diet of a sufficient number of foods rich in iron and protein.
• Menus for women suffering from anemia during pregnancy should include fish (150–250 grams per day), meat (120–200 grams per day), and one egg per day. In a woman's daily diet, there should be about 800 grams of vegetables and fruits (pomegranate, apples, cabbage, carrots, black currants, apricots, and asparagus). The daily rate of dairy products (milk, kefir, yogurt, cottage cheese, and cheese) is 500–800 grams. Also, to expectant mothers, for the treatment and prevention of anemia, it is recommended to include in the menu offal, almonds, walnuts, buckwheat, and cocoa.
• There are foods that interfere with iron absorption, so their use during pregnancy should be minimized. These products include bran, legumes, grains, black and green tea, green leafy vegetables (spinach), and products containing preservatives, colorings, and flavorings.